Environmental Health & Safety of Nanomaterials – Page 6

Nanogenotoxicity Measurements of Oxidative DNA Damage Using Isotope Dilution Mass Spectrometry

Petersen E., Jaruga P., Dizdaroglu M., Nelson B., National Institute of Standards and Technology, US

Hyphenated mass spectrometry (gas chromatography/mass spectrometry) techniques have been employed as one of the primary analytical tools for investigating the effects of ionizing radiation, chemical/biological carcinogens and oxygen derived free radicals on the induction and [...]

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Induced Apoptosis and Necrosis in Human Neuroblastoma and Astrocytoma Cells

Lai J.C.K., Lai M.B., Balaraju A.K., Neti A., Lai J.C.K., Lai M.B., Tadinada S.M., Idikuda V.K., Singh M.R.M., Mukka K., Pfau J., Bhushan A., Leung S.W., Idaho State University College of Pharmacy, US

Because of their escalating uses in industrial and biomedical applications, humans are increasing exposed to nanoparticles in occupational and other environmental settings. However, the environmental safety and health impact of such particles have not been [...]

Cytotoxic Effects of Silver and Gold Nanoparticles in Human Glioblastoma U87 Cells

Gao W., Leung S.W., Bhushan A., Lai J.C.K., Idaho State University College of Pharmacy, US

Nanoparticles have contributed significantly to the design of new drug delivery and targeting in cancer chemotherapy. Consequently, some of the desirable qualities of silver and gold nanoparticles have prompted their novel applications in cancer nanobiotechnology. [...]

Nano-Safety Science for ensuring safety of nanomaterials ~Biological assessment of silica nanoparticles focused on neutrophil~

Higashisaka K., Kunieda A., Iwahara Y., Tanaka K., Tsunoda S., Yoshioka Y., Tsutsumi Y., Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, JP

Nanomaterials (NM) with particle sizes below 100 nm display unique properties compared to conventional materials with a submicron size. On the other hand, the debate on safety of NM has expanded worldwide. Therefore, to fully [...]

Development of In-Vivo Screening Benchmarks for Complex Engineered Nanomaterials

Mahoney S., Najera M., Bai Q., Burton E., Veser G., University of Pittsburgh, US

This works investigates embedding metal nanoparticles (NPs) in porous silica shells to reduce or entirely mitigate the metal NPs toxicity while still providing access to the metal NP surface; hence maintaining functionality of the embedded [...]

Potential artifacts when evaluating the ecotoxicological effects of nanomaterials

Petersen E.J., Henry T.B., Zhao J., MacCuspie R.I., Kirschling T.L., Xing B., Dobrovolskaia M.A., Hackley V., White J.C., National Institute of Standards and Technology, US

Novel physicochemistries of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) offer considerable commercial potential for new products and processes, but also the possibility of unforeseen and negative consequences upon ENM release into the environment. Investigations of ENM ecotoxicity have [...]

Nanomaterial Characterisation Challenges

Kippax P.G., Clarke P.G., Murphy C.C., Kaszuba M., Malvern Instruments Ltd, UK

There has been a large amount of research and investment into the toxicological effects of nanomaterials on the environment and there is – as yet – no definitive findings on the relative weighting and importance [...]

Prevention through Design Concepts for Sustainable Development of Nanomaterials

Hodson L.L., Geraci C.L., NIOSH, US

Nanotechnology has the potential to provide great benefit to society, but it must be developed responsibly. This responsibility involves addressing any adverse human and environmental impacts of the technology associated with engineered nanomaterials. Workers are [...]

Outwitting the uncertainty of nanotechnology risks through environmental life cycle assessment

Steevens J., Chappell M., Janzen D., Edwards D., Shih W., US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, US

The goal of this study was to evaluate a carbon nanotube (CNT) product in terms of life cycle phases representing points where resources are expended and emissions are created. The study described here is important [...]

Improving Adsorption Capacity of Ordered Mesoporous Carbon (OMC) Through Addition of Crosslink Agent

Shou W., Chao B., Gang D.D., University of Louisiana at Lafayette, US

Well-ordered mesoporous carbon adding crosslink agent as precursor was synthesized using SBA-15 as a template, its structure was characterized by TEM, X-ray diffraction and FT-IR. Its adsorption capacity was evaluated by a typical total organic [...]