National Institute of Standards and Technology – Page 4

Metrology for Lab on a Chip Final Product Devices

Reyes D.R., Halter M., Hwanga J., National Institute of Standards and Technology, US

New metrology tools to measure the critical parameters of internal structures in lab on a chip devices are greatly needed in order to develop standard tests for this technology. Here we present a method that [...]

Gravimetric calibration for optical measurements of droplets-in-flight

Verkouteren J.R., Verkouteren R.M., Zeissler C.J., Verkouteren J.R., Verkouteren R.M., National Institute of Standards and Technology, US

We report gravimetric measurements of droplets, traceable to the SI, that enable the correction and calibration of optical measurements routinely used to monitor and control the dispensing of droplets from inkjet printers. This innovation results [...]

A Novel Integrated Optomechanical Transducer and Its Application in Atomic Force Microscopy

Zou J., Miao H., Michels T., Aksyuk V., National Institute of Standards and Technology, US

Cavity optomechanics studies the coupling of optical and mechanical degrees of freedom in an optical cavity. It has made great progress in recent years and enabled quantum-limited measurement of mechanical motion. One important application is [...]

Nanomaterials-Enabled Photonic and Chemiresistive Sensing of Chemicals and Biochemicals

Choi C-J, Benkstein K.D., Rogers P.H., Montgomery C.B., Semancik S., National Institute of Standards and Technology, US

Contact events occurring between target species and surface sites on sensing materials initiate front-end interactions and subsequent transduction processes that can yield viable signals for target detection. By offering high surface-to-volume ratios, and specialized properties, [...]

Highly Spherical Gold Nanoparticles by Laser Pulse Heating

Cavicchi R.E., Meier D.C., Presser C., Guha S., National Institute of Standards and Technology, US

Methods continue to be developed for improving the size and shape uniformity of Au nanoparticles (NP), however, fabricated NPs tend to be faceted and not highly spherical. We present results that show that the faceted [...]

Optimizing Instrument Operation and Data Processing for Single Particle Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry Measurement of Gold Nanoparticles

Liu J., Murphy K.E., MacCuspie R.I., Winchester M.R., National Institute of Standards and Technology, US

In recent years, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) operated in time-resolved analysis (TRA) mode has merged as a promising analytical tool capable of both sizing and counting metal containing nanoparticles in aqueous suspensions. In [...]

Tools and Approaches for the Assessment of Nanomaterial Induced Oxidative DNA Damage

Petersen E.J., Marquis B.J., Jaruga P., Dizdaroglu M., Nelson B.C., National Institute of Standards and Technology, US

Determining the effects of various surface coatings on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is critical given the numerous expected applications of CNTs and their inevitable release into ecosystems. To explore the potential ecotoxicological effects of CNT surface [...]

Uptake and Elimination Behaviors of Polyethyleneimine (PEI)-Coated Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes by Eisenia Foetida and Daphnia Magna

Petersen E.J., Pinto R.A., Mai D.J., Landrum P.F., Zhang L., Huang Q., Shi X., Weber Jr W.J., National Institute of Standards and Technology, US

Hyphenated mass spectrometry (gas chromatography/mass spectrometry) techniques have been employed as one of the primary analytical tools for investigating the effects of ionizing radiation, chemical/biological carcinogens and oxygen derived free radicals on the induction and [...]

Fabrication of Microelectrodes on Polyester Membranes for Dielectrophoretic Cell Capture

Hanke C., Dittrich P.S., Reyes D.R., National Institute of Standards and Technology, US

We present a new system for cell capturing on porous polyester (PET) membranes using dielectrophoretic forces. For the first time gold microelectrodes were fabricated on PET membranes using conventional photolithographic techniques. Their characterization revealed no [...]

Characterization of Nanoparticle Release from Polymer Nanocomposites Due to Fire

Uddin N.M., Nyden M.R., National Institute of Standards and Technology, US

Studies are being conducted to understand the potential hazards associated with burning materials containing carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and nanofibers (CNFs) either in the process of incineration or in accidental fires. Some of the important questions [...]