Water Technologies – TechConnect Briefs

Biological Decontamination of Radionuclides in Industrial and Environmental Water Using a New Highly Radioresistant Microalga

Rivasseau C., de Gouvion Saint Cyr D., Atteia A., Gromova M., Farhi E., Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique, FR

Nuclear energy technologies generate radioactive and chemically toxic compounds including mainly carbon-14 and radioactive metals. Treatment processes rely on physico-chemical methods, which, though efficient and robust, do not completely remove carbon-14 and are not adapted [...]

2-butoxyethanol as a Draw Solution for Forward Osmotic Application

Sano K., Ide T., Imada T., Toshiba Corporation, JP

As a draw solution, 2-butoxyethanol (2BE) was examined for forward osmotic application such as power generation and desalination. As forward osmosis experiments, simple hand made cell with a membrane of 5mm in diameter. Under stirring [...]

Conical, Floating Piston Isolation Valve

Farner B.R., NASA - Stennis Space Center, US

This valve consists of a hollow, moveable floating piston pressed against a stationary solid seat, and can use the working fluid or an external pressure source to seal the valve. This open/closed valve has a [...]

Carbon Nanotube Immobilized Membranes for Next Generation Desalination

Roy S., Bhadra M., Mitra S., New Jersey Institute of Technology, US

The objective of this project is to utilize carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to create breakthrough membrane properties for the generation of pure water via membrane distillation (MD). This fundamentally new approach will reduce the cost and [...]

Measurement of O-phthallaldehyde (OPA) by High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with Post Column Derivatization

Watkins A.E., Butler T., Dees D., NASA - Stennis Space Center, US

O-phthaldehyde (OPA) is commonly used as a disinfectant that demonstrates microbicidal activity against a range of microorganisms. The Internal Active Thermal Control System (IATCS) is a water based system that helps facilitate heat transfer aboard [...]

Designing Ultrathin Film Composite Membranes: Importance of a Gutter Layer

Ponnuru K., Kattula M., Karampelas I., Wang T., Zhu L., Jia W., Lin H., Furlani E.P., SUNY-Buffalo, US

Membrane technology has been widely adopted for water purification and gas separation. Industrial membranes are often thin film composites comprised of a thin, dense skin layer (100 nm or below) performing molecular separation and a [...]

Low-cost membranes for nanofiltration and reverse osmosis

Berland B., Huntley K., Misra M., ITN Energy Systems, US

ITN has developed a proprietary nanocomposite membrane that outperforms state of the art water filtration and purification membranes by combining the following attributes: • High Salt Rejection • High water flux at Low Pressure • [...]

Preparation and characterization of porous polyethersulfone nanofiltrationmembranes via combined phase separation method for water desalination

Jahanbakhsh Asl H., Soltanieh M., Sharif University of Technology, IR

In this work combined thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) and nonsolvent induced phase separation (NIPS), were used to fabricate nanofiltration membranes for water desalination at low pressures. Polyethersulfone (PES) flat-sheet membranes were successfully prepared by [...]

Nitrogen-doped porous carbon for the removal of Cr or As in aqueous solutions

Han J.S., Ha D.G., Han J.S., Kang S-H, Seoul National University, KR

The removal of hexavalent chromium and arsenic from aqueous solutions was investigated with nitrogen-doped porous carbon. Excellent adsorption behavior was obtained due to the strong attraction between [HCrO4]- or [H2AsO4]- and nitrogen sites under weak [...]

HydroFlame – A Low Carbon Intensity Process for Low-Mobility Oil Recovery

Rao D.N., HydroFlame Technology Resources, INC, US

HydroFlame is a new concept of burning a fuel directly inside a rotating stream of water. Because of the direct contact between the flame and water, very high heat transfer coefficients are achieved which render [...]

Advanced oxidation processes for water purification: compact vs nanoporous anodic TiO2

Piazza V., Diamanti M.V., Mazare A., Pedeferri MP., Schmuki P., Politecnico di Milano, IT

In the last years, research on TiO2 engineering has been dedicated mostly to thin films for environmental and energetic applications, such as advanced oxidation processes for water purification and dye-sensitized solar cells. Anodic oxidation can [...]

River, Lake and Ocean Water Cooling

Peterson J., HP, US

Using water directly from rivers, lakes, and oceans is becoming an option for end users to save energy, avoid ozone depleting refrigerants, and save space. The first system in the U.S. at Ithica, NY, which [...]

Engineered Nanoparticles in the Environment: Their Fate, Transport and Interaction with Organic Pollutants

Sahle-Demessie E., Zhao A., Grecsek H., U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, US

Nanotechnology has emerged as one of the leading fields in science having tremendous application in diverse disciplines. As nanomaterials become increasingly part of everyday consumer products, it is imperative to measure the potential release during [...]

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